Jews have lived in Austria since the time of the Roman Empire. The Jewish population increased under the rule of Frederick I and during the 13th century when Jews were granted some rights. Over the next few centuries, Jews faced alternating waves of improved conditions and increased anti-Semitism. Although Jews were formally expelled from Austria in 1669, some Jews continued to live there with several hundred remaining in Vienna. Austrian Jews achieved some measures of equality in the late 18th century.
By the 1920s Austria boasted a Jewish population of more than 200,000, making it the sixth-largest Jewish population in the world at that time. Tragically, over 65,000 Austrian Jews were deported and murdered in the Holocaust and fewer than 2000 returned to Austria after the war. Today, the Austrian Jewish population numbers at around 9,000.
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February 19, 2019